The November 2025 COP30 summit in Belém produced several milestones. Delegates operationalized the Fund for Responding to Loss and Damage (FRLD), created in 2024, by issuing its first call for proposals worth US$250 million and streamlining rules to allow direct access and faster disbursement to vulnerable countries.

Leaders also endorsed the Belém Declaration on Hunger, Poverty and People Centered Climate Action, signed by 43 countries and the EU, which recognizes that climate change exacerbates inequality and urges simultaneous investment in mitigation, adaptation, and social protection. A high-level event marked the launch of the Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF), bringing together 53 tropical and donor countries, including Indonesia, which collectively pledged more than US$5.5 billion to support long-term payments for forest protection, with Norway committing US$3 billion and Brazil and Indonesia each pledging US$1 billion. The initiative reflects a shift from pledges to implementation by mobilizing finance to address climate-induced losses and recognizing the economic value of intact forests, while underscoring Indonesia’s dual role as both a beneficiary and a contributor within a growing framework of global climate solidarity.

The COP30 climate summit in Belém produced several landmark results with direct relevance for Indonesia:

• Loss and Damage Fund: The fund was operationalized, with its first $250 million call for proposals issued and guidance adopted to ensure vulnerable countries can access funds directly and quickly.
• Belém Declaration: Signed by 43 countries and the EU, this declaration links climate policy to social protection systems and calls for scaling up finance for adaptation and livelihoods.
• Tropical Forests Forever Facility (TFFF): 66 countries pledged over $6.7 billion to provide long-term payments for forest protection, with Norway committing $3 billion, Germany €1 billion, and Brazil and Indonesia each $1 billion.
• Blue Carbon Ecosystems Roadmap: Indonesia unveiled a roadmap integrating mangroves, seagrass beds, and salt marshes into its nationally determined contribution (NDC) and linking coastal ecosystems to its carbon economic value system.
• International Tropical Peatlands Centre: Launched by Indonesia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Republic of Congo to promote peatland restoration and knowledge sharing.

Nature Credit Policy Forum: Indonesia joined the UK and France in developing high-integrity biodiversity credit markets

Sources: DFGE, Deutsche Welle, Jakarta Post